HSP

HSP or Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia is a group of inherited disorders that are characterized by progressive weakness and stiffness of the legs.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of HSP is difficulty walking due to weakness and tightness (spasticity) in the legs. Both legs are equally affected in the condition. Other symptoms may include urinary urgency and frequency, hyperactive reflexes, difficulty with balance and coordination, and impaired vibration sense in the feet.

Causes

HSP is caused by mutations in multiple genes. The different forms of HSP are distinguished by their genetic cause, pattern of inheritance, and associated symptoms. Most forms of HSP are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of HSP is based on clinical findings and family history. Genetic testing can confirm the diagnosis in some cases. Neuroimaging, such as MRI, may be used to rule out other conditions.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for HSP, but treatments are available to help manage symptoms. Physical therapy can help improve mobility and reduce spasticity. Medications may be used to manage symptoms such as muscle tightness and bladder problems.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with HSP varies. Some individuals may require the use of a wheelchair, while others may maintain the ability to walk with assistance. Life expectancy is typically normal.

See also

• Neurology
• Genetic disorders
• Physical therapy