Hippobosca equina

A species of biting fly known as the horse louse fly

Hippobosca equina, commonly known as the horse louse fly, is a species of biting fly in the family Hippoboscidae. This fly is an obligate ectoparasite primarily found on horses and other large mammals.

Description

Hippobosca equina is a medium-sized fly, measuring approximately 6 to 8 mm in length. It has a flattened body adapted for living in the fur of its hosts. The fly is reddish-brown with a distinctive pattern of yellow spots on its thorax and abdomen. Its wings are well-developed, allowing it to fly between hosts, although it spends most of its life on a single host.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of Hippobosca equina involves several stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Females give birth to live larvae, which pupate shortly after being deposited. The pupal stage lasts several weeks, after which the adult fly emerges. Adults are long-lived and can survive for several months on their host.

Habitat and Distribution

Hippobosca equina is found in temperate regions across Europe, Asia, and parts of Africa. It prefers habitats where its hosts, such as horses, cattle, and occasionally deer, are present. The fly is most commonly found in stables and pastures.

Behavior

Close-up of Hippobosca equina

Hippobosca equina is an obligate blood feeder, using its piercing mouthparts to feed on the blood of its host. It is known for its painful bite, which can cause irritation and discomfort to the host animal. The fly is also capable of transmitting certain pathogens, although it is not a major vector of disease.

Impact on Hosts

The presence of Hippobosca equina can lead to stress and discomfort in infested animals. Heavy infestations may result in reduced weight gain and milk production in livestock. Control measures include the use of insecticides and maintaining good hygiene in stables and pastures.

Related pages

• Hippoboscidae
• Diptera
• Ectoparasite