Hepatorenal syndrome
Hepatorenal syndrome
Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a type of progressive kidney failure seen in people with severe liver damage, most often caused by cirrhosis. Pronounced as heh-puh-toh-REE-nuhl sin-drohm, the term originates from the Greek words 'hepar' meaning liver, 'reno' referring to kidneys, and 'syndrome' indicating a group of symptoms.
Causes
Hepatorenal syndrome usually occurs in individuals with advanced cirrhosis or those with acute liver failure. The exact cause is unknown, but it is believed to be a result of changes in the blood vessels that supply the liver (hepatic circulation) and kidneys (renal circulation).
Symptoms
Symptoms of hepatorenal syndrome may include jaundice, a decrease in size of the liver, increased creatinine levels, and decreased urine production.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of hepatorenal syndrome involves ruling out other causes of kidney failure. This may involve blood tests, ultrasound of the kidneys, and sometimes a kidney biopsy.
Treatment
Treatment for hepatorenal syndrome typically involves managing the symptoms and, in some cases, treating the underlying liver disease. This may include medications to improve kidney function, liver transplant, or dialysis.
Prognosis
The prognosis for hepatorenal syndrome is often poor, as it is usually associated with severe liver disease. However, with appropriate treatment and management, the prognosis can be improved.
See also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hepatorenal syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Hepatorenal syndrome
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