Halogen
Halogen
Halogen (/ˈhælədʒɪn, -ˌdʒɛn/; from Greek: ἅλς, romanized: hals, lit. 'sea', and -γενής, -genḗs, 'born') is a group of five chemically related elements: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At). The artificially created element 117, tennessine (Ts), may also be considered a halogen.
Etymology
The term "halogen" is derived from the Greek words ἅλς (hals), meaning "salt", and γενής (genḗs), meaning "born". This refers to the fact that halogens form salts when they react with metals.
Properties
Halogen elements show physical and chemical properties typical of nonmetals. They are brittle, have low melting and boiling points, and are poor conductors of heat and electricity. Chemically, they are very reactive, particularly with alkali metals and alkaline earths.
Uses
Halogen elements have many uses. For example, Fluorine is used in toothpaste to prevent tooth decay, Chlorine is used in water treatment to kill bacteria, and Iodine is used as a dietary supplement to prevent iodine deficiency.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Halogen
- Wikipedia's article - Halogen
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