Hail
Hail is a form of solid precipitation that is produced by cumulonimbus thunderclouds. It consists of balls or irregular lumps of ice, known as hailstones. Hailstones on Earth consist mostly of water ice and measure between 5 millimeters (0.2 in) and 15 centimeters (6 in) in diameter.
Formation
Hail forms in strong thunderstorm clouds, particularly those with intense updrafts, high liquid water content, great vertical extent, large water droplets, and where a good portion of the cloud layer is below freezing 0 °C (32 °F). These types of strong updrafts can also indicate the presence of a tornado.
The growth rate of hailstones is impacted by factors such as higher elevation, lower freezing zones, and wind direction.
Types of Hail
There are three types of hail: Soft Hail, Small Hail, and Large Hail. Soft hail, or snow pellets, are small, white, opaque grains of ice that are round or irregular in shape. Small hail is the size of a pea to the size of a grape. Large hail is the size of a walnut to the size of a grapefruit.
Effects of Hail
Hail can cause serious damage, notably to automobiles, aircraft, skylights, glass-roofed structures, livestock, and crops. Rarely, massive hailstones have been known to cause concussions or fatal head trauma.
Prevention and Mitigation
Hail damage to roofs often goes unnoticed until further structural damage is seen, such as leaks or cracks. It is hardest to recognize hail damage on shingled roofs and flat roofs, but all roofs have their own hail damage detection problems.
See Also
References
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Granizo
Hailshaft
Hail clouds
Thakurgaon Hailstorm
Three body scatter spike
Hailstones
Hagelkorn mit Anlagerungsschichten
Record hailstone Vivian, SD
Wea02208 - Flickr - NOAA Photo Library
Sydney hailstorm
Hand holding hail in a strawberry patch
Banska Stiavnica Cannon
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