HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (pronunciation: /ˌeɪtʃ.ɛmˈdʒiː koʊˈeɪ rɪˈdʌk.teɪs ɪnˈhɪb.ɪ.tər/) are a class of drugs that reduce cholesterol in individuals who have dyslipidemia (abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the blood) and are at risk of cardiovascular disease.
Etymology
The term "HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors" is derived from the name of the enzyme they inhibit, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase (HMG-CoA reductase). This enzyme plays a crucial role in the production of cholesterol in the liver.
Mechanism of Action
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, also known as Statins, work by inhibiting the action of HMG-CoA reductase, thereby reducing the amount of cholesterol produced in the liver. This leads to a decrease in the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood.
Related Terms
Side Effects
Common side effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors include muscle pain, increased liver enzymes, and increased blood sugar levels. Rare but serious side effects include liver damage, rhabdomyolysis (a severe muscle injury that can lead to kidney failure), and memory loss or confusion.
See Also
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