HLA-DR3
HLA-DR3 is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within the HLA-DR serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of antigens. HLA-DR3 is a split antigen of the broad antigen HLA-DR17, which is now obsolete. HLA-DR3 is associated with several autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes, coeliac disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Structure and Function
HLA-DR3 is a cell surface glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is part of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, which presents antigens to the T cells. The HLA-DR3 antigen is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta chain (DRB), both anchored in the membrane.
Disease Associations
HLA-DR3 is associated with a variety of autoimmune diseases. These include:
- Type 1 diabetes: HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 are the most common serotypes associated with this disease. The presence of these serotypes increases the risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
- Coeliac disease: HLA-DR3 is found in up to 95% of patients with coeliac disease. The presence of HLA-DR3 is a strong predictor of the development of coeliac disease.
- Systemic lupus erythematosus: HLA-DR3 is associated with an increased risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus, particularly in individuals of European descent.
See Also
References
- DR Illustration.PNG
DR Illustration
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