HIV-1
HIV-1
HIV-1 (pronounced: /ˌeɪtʃ.aɪˈviː wʌn/), or Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1, is a retrovirus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). The etymology of the term comes from the virus's effect on the immune system: it causes a deficiency (a lack) in the body's immune system, making it human-specific (hence 'Human Immunodeficiency Virus').
HIV-1 is one of two main types of HIV, the other being HIV-2. HIV-1 is more widespread globally and is the type most often referred to when discussing HIV.
Transmission
HIV-1 is transmitted through direct contact with certain body fluids from a person infected with the virus. These fluids include blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. The most common ways HIV-1 is transmitted are through sexual behaviors and needle or syringe use.
Symptoms
The symptoms of HIV-1 infection can vary, but they often include fever, fatigue, and weight loss. As the infection progresses, it can lead to serious illnesses and conditions such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and certain types of cancer.
Treatment
While there is currently no cure for HIV-1, it can be controlled with proper medical care, including antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART involves taking a combination of HIV medicines every day to prevent the virus from multiplying, which helps to slow the progression of the disease.
Prevention
Prevention strategies for HIV-1 include using condoms during sex, not sharing needles or syringes, and taking pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) or post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) if at high risk of infection.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on HIV-1
- Wikipedia's article - HIV-1
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