Great Awakening

A religious revival movement in the 18th and 19th centuries

Overview

The Great Awakening refers to a series of religious revivals that swept through the American colonies in the 18th and early 19th centuries. These revivals were characterized by a renewed interest in religion and a focus on personal faith and piety. The movement had a profound impact on American religion, culture, and society.

Historical Context

The Great Awakening occurred during a time when the American colonies were experiencing significant social and economic changes. The movement is often divided into several phases, with the First Great Awakening occurring in the 1730s and 1740s, and the Second Great Awakening taking place in the early 19th century.

First Great Awakening

The First Great Awakening was marked by the emergence of influential preachers such as Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield. These preachers emphasized the need for personal conversion and the experience of "new birth." The movement challenged the established religious order and led to the formation of new denominations.

Second Great Awakening

The Second Great Awakening began around 1800 and continued into the 1830s. It was characterized by large camp meetings and revivals, particularly in the western frontier regions. This phase of the Great Awakening was associated with social reforms, including the abolitionist movement and the temperance movement.

Impact on Society

The Great Awakening had a significant impact on American society. It contributed to the growth of Methodism and Baptism, and it encouraged the establishment of new religious institutions. The movement also played a role in the development of American identity and the emphasis on individualism.

A Methodist camp meeting in 1839, illustrating the fervor of the Second Great Awakening.

Theological Implications

The Great Awakening emphasized the importance of personal faith and the experience of conversion. It challenged the traditional authority of established churches and promoted a more democratic approach to religion. The movement also encouraged the spread of evangelicalism and the belief in the necessity of a personal relationship with God.

Related pages

• Jonathan Edwards
• George Whitefield
• Methodism
• Baptism
• Abolitionist movement
• Temperance movement