Granulation

A process in wound healing and tissue repair

Granulation

Granulation tissue forming in a healing wound.

Granulation is a crucial process in the wound healing and tissue repair phases of the healing process. It involves the formation of new connective tissue and tiny blood vessels that form on the surfaces of a wound during the healing process. This tissue is called "granulation tissue" due to its granular appearance.

Process

Granulation occurs during the proliferative phase of wound healing. This phase follows the inflammatory phase and precedes the maturation phase. During granulation, fibroblasts, a type of cell, proliferate and synthesize collagen, which is a key component of the extracellular matrix. This matrix provides a scaffold for new tissue formation.

Angiogenesis

A significant aspect of granulation is angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels. This process is essential for supplying nutrients and oxygen to the healing tissue. Endothelial cells migrate and form new capillary loops, which give granulation tissue its characteristic red, granular appearance.

Fibroplasia

Fibroplasia is another critical component of granulation. Fibroblasts produce collagen and other extracellular matrix components, which help to fill the wound and provide strength to the new tissue. The balance between collagen synthesis and degradation is crucial for proper wound healing.

Clinical Significance

Granulation tissue is a positive indicator of healing. However, excessive granulation, known as "proud flesh" or "hypergranulation," can impede wound closure and may require medical intervention. Proper wound care and management are essential to promote healthy granulation and prevent complications.

Related pages

• Wound healing
• Tissue repair
• Angiogenesis
• Fibroblast
• Collagen