Goldman equation

The Goldman equation, also known as the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz voltage equation, is a fundamental concept in the field of physiology. It is used to calculate the membrane potential that results from the action of multiple ions. The equation was named after David E. Goldman, who first proposed it in 1943.

Pronunciation

Goldman equation: /ˈɡoʊldmən iˈkweɪʒən/

Etymology

The term "Goldman equation" is derived from the name of its proposer, David E. Goldman, an American physiologist. The word "equation" comes from the Latin "aequatio" which means "a making equal".

Definition

The Goldman equation is a mathematical representation that describes the ionic permeabilities that contribute to a cell's membrane potential. It takes into account the concentration of each ion on both sides of the membrane and the relative permeability of the membrane to each ion.

Formula

The Goldman equation is usually expressed as follows:

V = RT/F * ln((P_K[K+]_o + P_Na[Na+]_o + P_Cl[Cl-]_i) / (P_K[K+]_i + P_Na[Na+]_i + P_Cl[Cl-]_o))

Where:

V is the membrane potential
R is the universal gas constant
T is the absolute temperature
F is Faraday's constant
P_K, P_Na, and P_Cl are the relative permeabilities of potassium, sodium, and chloride ions, respectively
[K+]_o, [Na+]_o, and [Cl-]_o are the outside concentrations of potassium, sodium, and chloride ions, respectively
[K+]_i, [Na+]_i, and [Cl-]_i are the inside concentrations of potassium, sodium, and chloride ions, respectively

Related Terms

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Goldman equation
Wikipedia's article - Goldman equation

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Goldman equation