Gentiana villosa

Gentamicin Sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat various types of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative bacteria. It is not effective against Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, or viruses.

Pharmacology

Gentamicin works by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit of the bacterial cell, inhibiting protein synthesis and leading to cell death. It is bactericidal, meaning it kills bacteria rather than merely inhibiting their growth.

Medical Uses

Gentamicin is used to treat severe or life-threatening infections such as sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics to treat infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and certain types of endocarditis.

Side Effects

Common side effects of gentamicin include nausea, vomiting, and rash. More serious side effects can include kidney damage, hearing loss, and balance problems. These are more likely with high doses or prolonged use.

Dosage and Administration

Gentamicin is usually administered by intravenous infusion or intramuscular injection. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the type and severity of the infection, as well as the patient's kidney function.

History

Gentamicin was first isolated in 1963 from the fermentation broth of Micromonospora purpurea, a species of actinobacteria. It was introduced for medical use in 1964.

See Also

• Aminoglycoside
• Antibiotic
• Bacterial Infections
• Gram-negative bacteria
• Gram-positive bacteria

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