Functional food
Functional Food
Functional food (pronunciation: /ˈfʌŋkʃənəl fuːd/), also known as nutraceuticals, is a term used to describe foods that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition. The concept of functional food originated in Japan in the 1980s and has since gained popularity worldwide.
Etymology
The term "functional food" is derived from the English words "function" and "food". The term was first used in Japan, where such foods are called "FOSHU" (Foods for Specified Health Use).
Definition
Functional foods are foods that have a potentially positive effect on health beyond basic nutrition. They can promote optimal health and help reduce the risk of disease. A familiar example of a functional food is oatmeal because it contains soluble fiber that can help lower cholesterol levels.
Types of Functional Foods
Functional foods can be categorized into two types: conventional and modified.
- Conventional functional foods are naturally occurring foods that have health benefits. Examples include fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean meats, and dairy products.
- Modified functional foods are foods that have been fortified, enriched, or enhanced to provide health benefits. Examples include orange juice fortified with calcium or bread enriched with folic acid.
Health Benefits
Functional foods provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition. These benefits can include:
- Reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes.
- Improving digestive health.
- Enhancing immune function.
- Improving mental health.
Related Terms
- Nutraceutical: A product derived from food sources that provides extra health benefits in addition to the basic nutritional value found in foods.
- Phytochemical: Non-nutritive plant chemicals that have protective or disease preventive properties.
- Prebiotic: A type of fiber that the human body cannot digest. It serves as food for probiotics.
- Probiotic: Live bacteria and yeasts that are good for your health, especially your digestive system.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Functional food
- Wikipedia's article - Functional food
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