Fumes

Fumes are complex mixtures of particles and gases, often resulting from a process of combustion or a chemical reaction. They are a common occupational and environmental hazard, with potential impacts on human health.

Definition

Fumes are often defined as airborne solid particles, usually less than 1 micrometer in diameter, which originate from the condensation of vapors, sublimation, distillation, calcination, or chemical reaction. They are typically associated with processes such as welding, smelting, and other industrial activities.

Health Effects

Exposure to fumes can have a variety of health effects, depending on the nature of the fumes and the duration and intensity of exposure. These can range from minor irritations to serious conditions such as pneumonia, asthma, COPD, and cancer. Some fumes, such as those from heavy metals, can also have neurotoxic effects.

Prevention and Control

Prevention and control of exposure to fumes can involve a combination of engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment. This can include ventilation systems, process isolation, and the use of respirators.

See Also

• Air pollution
• Occupational health
• Industrial hygiene
• Respiratory diseases

References

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