Freund's adjuvant
Freund's Adjuvant
Freund's Adjuvant (/ˈfrɔɪndz ˈædʒʊvənt/; from the German Freund, "friend") is a solution of mineral oil that includes mycobacteria. The term "adjuvant" comes from the Latin adjuvare, meaning to help or aid. An adjuvant is a substance that enhances the body's immune response to an antigen.
Freund's Adjuvant is named after Jules T. Freund, who, along with Katherine McDermott, developed the substance in 1942. It is used in research to boost the immune response in experimental animals to test antigens, particularly for testing potential vaccine candidates.
Types
There are two types of Freund's Adjuvant:
- Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) - This is a water-in-oil emulsion that contains heat-killed and dried mycobacteria. This type of Freund's Adjuvant is used for the initial injection.
- Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant (IFA) - This is a water-in-oil emulsion that does not contain mycobacteria. It is used for booster injections.
Usage
Freund's Adjuvant is used in animal research to enhance the immune response to injected antigens. It is often used in the development and testing of vaccines. However, due to its ability to cause severe inflammation and other side effects, it is not used in humans.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Freund's adjuvant
- Wikipedia's article - Freund's adjuvant
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