Follicular phase
Follicular Phase: An Essential Stage of the Menstrual Cycle
The Follicular Phase, also known as the preovulatory or proliferative phase, is a critical part of the menstrual cycle in primates, including humans, monkeys, and great apes. This phase involves the maturation of follicles in the ovary.
Definition and Process
The follicular phase is the first part of the menstrual cycle, starting from the first day of menstruation and ending with ovulation. During this phase, ovarian follicles mature from primary follicles to fully developed Graafian follicles, ready for ovulation.
Hormonal Regulation
This phase is predominantly regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRH). The secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) by the pituitary gland is critical for the development and maturation of ovarian follicles.
Phases of Follicular Development
- Early Follicular Phase
The early stage is characterized by the growth of multiple follicles, each containing an immature egg.
- Late Follicular Phase
In the later stages, typically one follicle (the dominant follicle) continues to mature while the others are absorbed.
End of the Follicular Phase and Ovulation
The follicular phase concludes with a surge in LH, leading to ovulation – the release of a mature egg from the dominant follicle.
Clinical Significance
- Fertility and Reproductive Health
Understanding the follicular phase is crucial for fertility treatments and for predicting the timing of ovulation in reproductive planning.
- Menstrual Disorders
Disruptions in the follicular phase can lead to menstrual disorders and impact fertility.
Diagnostic and Research Applications
Monitoring hormone levels and ovarian follicle development through ultrasound and blood tests is essential in gynecology and reproductive medicine.
See Also
References
External Links
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