Flonicamid
Flonicamid is a type of insecticide that is used to control a variety of pests in crops. It is a member of the pyridinecarboxamide family of chemicals and is known for its selective action against certain types of insects.
History
Flonicamid was first registered for use in the United States in 2005 by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It was developed by the Japanese company Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Ltd. and is marketed under various brand names, including Beleaf and Teppeki.
Mode of Action
Flonicamid works by inhibiting the feeding of insects. It is a systemic insecticide, which means it is absorbed by the plant and then ingested by the insect when it feeds on the plant. The active ingredient in flonicamid, 4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide, interferes with the insect's nervous system, causing it to stop feeding and eventually die.
Uses
Flonicamid is used to control a variety of pests, including aphids, whiteflies, thrips, and plant bugs. It is used on a wide range of crops, including vegetables, fruits, cotton, and ornamentals.
Environmental Impact
The EPA has classified flonicamid as a reduced-risk pesticide due to its low toxicity to non-target organisms and minimal impact on the environment. However, like all pesticides, it should be used responsibly to minimize potential harm to beneficial insects and other non-target organisms.
Health Effects
Flonicamid has low toxicity to humans and other mammals. However, exposure can cause irritation to the eyes and skin. Ingestion can cause nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Long-term exposure can lead to weight loss and changes in blood chemistry.
Regulatory Status
In the United States, flonicamid is registered for use on a variety of crops. It is also registered for use in several other countries, including Canada, Australia, and the European Union.
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