Flat tire

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A broken down truck, A cart pusher, A tricycle and a bus in Lagos

Flat tire on a Fiat Panda

Niger, Kodo (9), tire repair shop

Fietband lek zoeken

Flat tire refers to a condition in which a pneumatic tire loses its air pressure, resulting in the inability of the tire to support the weight of the vehicle. This can occur due to a puncture, tear, or failure of the tire's structure. Flat tires are a common issue for vehicles, including bicycles, motorcycles, cars, and trucks, and can lead to decreased control of the vehicle and potential accidents.

Causes

The primary cause of a flat tire is the penetration of the tire by a sharp object, such as nails or glass. Other causes include:

• Valve stem failure, where the valve used to inflate the tire becomes damaged or corroded.
• Tire bead leaks, where air escapes from the edge of the tire that sits on the rim.
• Structural failures, such as splits or tears in the tire sidewall or tread.
• Over- or under-inflation, leading to increased wear and vulnerability to damage.

Prevention

Preventative measures can significantly reduce the risk of flat tires. These include:

• Regularly checking tire pressure and maintaining it within the manufacturer's recommended range.
• Inspecting tires for signs of wear, damage, or foreign objects lodged in the tread.
• Using tire sealant products that can temporarily seal small punctures.
• Installing run-flat tires, which are designed to operate for a limited distance after losing air pressure.

Detection

Modern vehicles often come equipped with a Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS), which alerts the driver when tire pressure drops below a certain threshold. For vehicles without TPMS, signs of a flat tire include:

• Visible deflation or damage to the tire.
• Unusual vibrations or thumping noises while driving.
• Pulling to one side due to uneven tire pressures.

Repair and Replacement

The appropriate action for a flat tire depends on the severity of the damage. Options include:

• Temporary repairs, such as using a tire repair kit to fix minor punctures.
• Permanent repairs, performed by professionals, which may involve patching or plugging the damaged area.
• Tire replacement, necessary when the tire is extensively damaged or worn out.

Emergency Procedures

In the event of a flat tire, drivers should:

• Slow down gradually and pull over to a safe location, away from traffic.
• Use hazard lights to alert other drivers.
• Replace the flat tire with a spare, if available, or call for roadside assistance.

Environmental Impact

Discarded tires from flat tire replacements contribute to environmental waste. Recycling programs and proper disposal methods are essential to mitigate this impact.

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