Extrapulmonary tuberculosis

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (pronounced: ex·tra·pul·mo·nar·y tu·ber·cu·lo·sis) is a form of Tuberculosis that occurs outside the lung. It can affect any organ in the body, but is most commonly found in the lymph nodes, pleura, genitourinary system, bones and joints, and meninges.

Etymology

The term "Extrapulmonary" is derived from the Latin words "extra" meaning outside and "pulmo" meaning lung. "Tuberculosis" comes from the Latin "tuberculum" meaning a small swelling, referring to the tubercles seen in the tissues of those affected by the disease.

Related Terms

• Miliary tuberculosis: A severe form of tuberculosis that affects multiple organs and tissues.
• Pulmonary tuberculosis: Tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs.
• Tubercle: A small, rounded nodule produced in the lungs by the tuberculosis bacteria.
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis: The bacterium that causes tuberculosis.

Symptoms

Symptoms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis depend on the organ system involved but may include:

• Fever
• Weight loss
• Night sweats
• Fatigue
• Swollen lymph nodes

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis can be challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and the difficulty in obtaining samples from extrapulmonary sites. It often involves:

• Medical history examination
• Physical examination
• Imaging studies
• Laboratory tests

Treatment

Treatment for extrapulmonary tuberculosis is similar to that for pulmonary tuberculosis and typically involves a combination of antituberculosis medications.

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Extrapulmonary tuberculosis
• Wikipedia's article - Extrapulmonary tuberculosis

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