Energy balance
Energy Balance
Energy balance (pronunciation: /ˈɛnərdʒi ˈbæləns/) refers to the equilibrium between the energy consumed and expended by an organism. The concept is fundamental in the study of nutrition, metabolism, and weight management.
Etymology
The term 'energy balance' is derived from the Greek word 'energeia', meaning operation or activity, and the Latin word 'bilanx', meaning two-scaled balance. It was first used in the context of nutrition and metabolism in the late 19th century.
Definition
Energy balance is the state in which the number of calories consumed through food and drink is equal to the number of calories expended through metabolism and physical activity. A positive energy balance indicates that intake exceeds expenditure, leading to weight gain, while a negative energy balance indicates that expenditure exceeds intake, leading to weight loss.
Related Terms
- Basal metabolic rate: The number of calories required to keep your body functioning while at rest.
- Thermogenesis: The process of heat production in organisms, contributing to the energy expenditure.
- Diet-induced thermogenesis: The increase in energy expenditure above the basal metabolic rate due to the cost of processing food for storage and use.
- Physical activity level: A way to express a person's daily physical activity as a number, contributing to the energy expenditure.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Energy balance
- Wikipedia's article - Energy balance
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