Endocrine glands
Endocrine Glands
The Endocrine Glands (pronunciation: /ˈɛndəkrɪn ɡlændz/) are a group of glands in the body that produce and secrete hormones directly into the circulatory system to be carried towards distant target organs. The term "endocrine" derives from the Greek words "ἔνδον" (endon, within) and "κρίνω" (krinein, to separate or secrete), indicating the internal secretion function of these glands.
Function
The primary function of the endocrine glands is to secrete hormones into the bloodstream. These hormones act as chemical messengers, regulating various bodily functions such as metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, and mood.
Types of Endocrine Glands
The major endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries in females and testes in males.
Pituitary Gland
The pituitary gland, also known as the "master gland", controls other glands in the endocrine system. It secretes hormones that regulate growth, blood pressure, and reproductive functions.
Thyroid Gland
The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolic rate, heart and digestive function, muscle control, and brain development.
Parathyroid Glands
The parathyroid glands produce parathyroid hormone, which regulates the body's calcium levels.
Adrenal Glands
The adrenal glands produce hormones that help regulate metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to stress, and other essential functions.
Pancreas
The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions. It produces insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar levels.
Ovaries
In females, the ovaries produce hormones such as estrogen and progesterone, which regulate reproductive functions.
Testes
In males, the testes produce testosterone, which regulates reproductive functions.
Disorders of the Endocrine Glands
Disorders of the endocrine glands can result in numerous conditions, such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and Cushing's syndrome. These disorders can be due to the production of too much or too little of a certain hormone.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Endocrine glands
- Wikipedia's article - Endocrine glands
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