Endocrine disruptors
Endocrine Disruptors
Endocrine disruptors (pronunciation: /ɛnˈdoʊkrɪn dɪsˈrʌptərz/) are chemicals that can interfere with endocrine (or hormone) systems at certain doses. These disruptions can cause cancerous tumors, birth defects, and other developmental disorders. Any system in the body controlled by hormones can be derailed by hormone disruptors.
Etymology
The term "endocrine disruptor" is derived from the Greek word "endon" meaning within, "krinein" meaning to separate, and the English word "disruptor" meaning something that interrupts or causes disorder.
Types of Endocrine Disruptors
There are several types of endocrine disruptors, including:
- Phthalates: These are used in many plastics to increase their flexibility, transparency, durability, and longevity.
- Bisphenol A (BPA): This is a synthetic compound found in many consumer goods, including water bottles, sports equipment, CDs, and DVDs.
- Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): These were used in coolants, insulating materials, and lubricants, before being banned in the U.S. in 1979 due to their health risks.
- Dioxin: This is a highly toxic compound produced as a byproduct in some manufacturing processes, notably herbicide production and paper bleaching.
Effects of Endocrine Disruptors
Endocrine disruptors can lead to a wide range of health effects, including:
- Reproductive Health Issues: These can include decreased sperm count, early puberty, and other reproductive health problems.
- Developmental Problems: These can include learning disabilities, severe attention deficit disorder, cognitive and brain development problems, and deformations of the body.
- Cancer: Endocrine disruptors can cause an increased risk of certain cancers, including breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer.
Prevention and Control
Prevention and control of exposure to endocrine disruptors involves:
- Regulation and Legislation: This includes laws and regulations limiting or banning the use of certain endocrine disruptors.
- Public Awareness and Education: This involves informing the public about the risks of endocrine disruptors and how to avoid exposure.
See Also
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