Dystocia
Dystocia
Dystocia (pronounced dis-toh-see-uh) is a term used in the medical field to describe a difficult or abnormal childbirth or labor. The term is derived from the Greek words "dys" meaning difficult, and "tokos" meaning birth.
Etymology
The term Dystocia originates from the Greek words "dys" which means difficult, and "tokos" which means birth. Therefore, in literal terms, Dystocia refers to a difficult birth.
Definition
Dystocia refers to a situation where there is difficulty in childbirth, typically caused by the abnormal size or position of the baby, or the small size of the mother's pelvis. It can also be caused by failure of the uterus and cervix to contract and expand normally.
Causes
Dystocia can be caused by various factors which can be categorized into three main groups, often referred to as the "Three P's":
- Power: This refers to the strength and frequency of contractions. Inadequate contractions can lead to prolonged labor and Dystocia.
- Passenger: This refers to the baby. The size, position, or shape of the baby can affect the progress of labor.
- Passage: This refers to the mother's pelvis. If the pelvis is small or unusually shaped, it can make labor difficult.
Treatment
Treatment for Dystocia depends on the cause. It may involve medical intervention such as the use of medications to strengthen contractions, cesarean section to deliver the baby surgically, or instrumental delivery using forceps or vacuum extraction.
Related Terms
- Obstetric labor complication: A term that encompasses all complications that can occur during childbirth, including Dystocia.
- Cephalopelvic disproportion: A specific type of Dystocia where the baby's head is too large to fit through the mother's pelvis.
- Postterm pregnancy: A pregnancy that lasts longer than 42 weeks, which can increase the risk of Dystocia.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Dystocia
- Wikipedia's article - Dystocia
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