Drunk driving
Drunk Driving
Drunk driving (== Template:IPA ==
The Template:IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) is a system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standardized representation of the sounds of spoken language.
Pronunciation
The pronunciation of the term "IPA" is /aɪ piː eɪ/ in English.
Etymology
The term "IPA" is an acronym for the International Phonetic Alphabet. The International Phonetic Association, founded in 1886, created the IPA to provide a single, universal system for the transcription of spoken language.
Related Terms
- Phonetic notation: A system used to visually represent the sounds of speech. The IPA is one type of phonetic notation.
- Phonetics: The study of the physical sounds of human speech. It is concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds (phonemes), and the processes of their physiological production, auditory reception, and neurophysiological perception.
- Phonology: The study of the way sounds function within a particular language or languages. While phonetics concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology describes the way sounds function within a particular language or languages.
- Transcription (linguistics): The systematic representation of spoken language in written form. The source of the words transcribe and transcription, the term means "to write across" in Latin, and it's the process of converting spoken language into written form. In linguistics, this is often done using the IPA.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Drunk driving
- Wikipedia's article - Drunk driving
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Languages: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
Urdu,
বাংলা,
తెలుగు,
தமிழ்,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
русский,
português do Brasil,
Italian,
polski), also known as driving under the influence (DUI) or driving while intoxicated (DWI), is the act of operating a motor vehicle while one's blood alcohol content (BAC) is above the legal limit set by statute, which supposedly guarantees that the driver cannot drive safely.
Etymology
The term "drunk driving" is derived from the English words "drunk", meaning affected by alcohol to the point of losing control over one's faculties or behavior, and "driving", meaning the control and operation of a motor vehicle. The terms DUI and DWI are acronyms for "driving under the influence" and "driving while intoxicated", respectively.
Related Terms
- Blood alcohol content (BAC): The amount of alcohol in a person's blood, expressed as a percentage. In many jurisdictions, a BAC of 0.08% or higher is considered legally impaired.
- Breathalyzer: A device for estimating BAC from a breath sample.
- Field sobriety test (FST): A series of tests used by police officers to determine if a person is impaired.
- Ignition interlock device (IID): A device that prevents a vehicle from starting if it detects a certain amount of alcohol in the driver's breath.
- Zero tolerance (alcohol): A policy that prohibits any amount of alcohol in a person's system while driving.
Legal Consequences
Drunk driving is illegal in all jurisdictions within the U.S. The specific criminal offense is usually called driving under the influence, and in some states it may be called driving while intoxicated, operating under the influence, or other terms. A DUI or DWI offender stands a good chance of having his or her license suspended for a substantial period of time (either by court order or mandate of the state motor vehicles department).
Prevention
Prevention measures for drunk driving include education about the dangers of alcohol and driving, laws and regulations that prohibit drunk driving, and enforcement of these laws through police action and court proceedings.
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