Drug-induced urticaria

Drug-induced urticaria
Synonyms	Hives, urticaria
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Itchy wheals, angioedema
Complications	Anaphylaxis
Onset	Minutes to hours after drug exposure
Duration	Variable, can be acute or chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Drug allergy, non-allergic hypersensitivity
Risks	Previous drug reactions, atopy
Diagnosis	Clinical diagnosis, skin prick test, serum tryptase
Differential diagnosis	Chronic urticaria, physical urticaria, autoimmune urticaria
Prevention	Avoidance of triggering drugs
Treatment	Antihistamines, corticosteroids, epinephrine for severe cases
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good with avoidance of the offending drug
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Drug-induced urticaria is a type of urticaria or hives that is caused by a reaction to medication. This condition is characterized by red, itchy welts on the skin that can vary in size and appear anywhere on the body.

Causes

Drug-induced urticaria is caused by an allergic reaction to a drug. The body's immune system reacts to the drug as if it were a harmful substance, releasing chemicals that cause the symptoms of urticaria. The most common drugs that can cause this reaction include aspirin, penicillin, sulfa drugs, anticonvulsants, and insulin.

Symptoms

The main symptom of drug-induced urticaria is red, itchy welts on the skin. These can appear anywhere on the body and can vary in size. Other symptoms can include difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, and a feeling of warmth or flushing.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of drug-induced urticaria is based on a physical examination and a detailed medical history. The doctor will ask about any medications the patient is taking and may perform tests to confirm the diagnosis. These can include a skin prick test, a blood test, or a drug challenge test.

Treatment

Treatment for drug-induced urticaria involves stopping the use of the drug that is causing the reaction. In some cases, the doctor may prescribe antihistamines to help relieve the symptoms. In severe cases, corticosteroids or epinephrine may be used.

Prevention

Prevention of drug-induced urticaria involves avoiding the drug that caused the reaction. If the drug is necessary for the patient's health, the doctor may recommend a desensitization process, in which the patient is gradually exposed to increasing doses of the drug under medical supervision.

See also

• Allergic reaction
• Urticaria
• Drug allergy