Dna polymerase
DNA Polymerase
DNA Polymerase (pronounced: dee-en-ey puh-lim-er-eyz) is a type of enzyme that plays a vital role in DNA replication and DNA repair. The term "DNA Polymerase" is derived from the Greek words "poly" meaning "many" and "meros" meaning "part", referring to the enzyme's function in creating many parts of DNA.
Function
DNA Polymerase is responsible for synthesizing DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. This process is crucial during DNA replication, where the DNA Polymerase copies the DNA molecule to create two identical DNA strands.
Types
There are several types of DNA Polymerases, including DNA Polymerase I, DNA Polymerase II, and DNA Polymerase III. Each type has a specific role in DNA replication and repair. For example, DNA Polymerase I is involved in the process of Okazaki fragment maturation, while DNA Polymerase III is the main enzyme involved in DNA replication.
Role in DNA Repair
In addition to its role in DNA replication, DNA Polymerase also plays a crucial role in DNA repair. When DNA is damaged, DNA Polymerase can recognize and remove the damaged sections of DNA and replace them with the correct nucleotides.
Related Terms
- Nucleotide: The building block of DNA and RNA.
- Enzyme: A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body.
- DNA Replication: The process by which a DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.
- DNA Repair: The collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.
- Okazaki fragment: Short, newly synthesized DNA fragments that are formed on the lagging template strand during DNA replication.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Dna polymerase
- Wikipedia's article - Dna polymerase
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