DnaG
DnaG is a type of RNA primase that is essential in the DNA replication process in bacteria. It synthesizes short RNA strands (primers) that are used by DNA polymerase to create the new DNA strand. DnaG is a key component of the replisome, the multi-protein complex that coordinates the replication of DNA.
Function
DnaG synthesizes RNA primers that are 10-60 nucleotides long. These primers serve as the starting point for DNA polymerase to begin synthesizing the new DNA strand. DnaG is able to start synthesis at specific points on the DNA template strand, known as origins of replication.
Structure
DnaG is a large protein, typically consisting of several hundred amino acids. It has a complex three-dimensional structure that allows it to bind to the DNA template strand and synthesize the RNA primer. The structure of DnaG includes a catalytic domain that carries out the synthesis of the RNA primer, and a regulatory domain that controls the activity of the enzyme.
Role in DNA Replication
During DNA replication, DnaG is recruited to the replisome where it synthesizes the RNA primer. This primer is then extended by DNA polymerase to create the new DNA strand. DnaG is essential for this process, as without the RNA primer, DNA polymerase is unable to start synthesis of the new DNA strand.
Clinical Significance
Because of its essential role in DNA replication, DnaG is a potential target for antibacterial drugs. Inhibitors of DnaG could potentially stop bacterial DNA replication, thereby killing the bacteria.
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