Diabetic mastopathy

Other Names: Diabetic fibrous breast disease; Diabetic fibrous mastopathy; Lymphocytic mastitis; Lymphocytic mastopathy; Sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis

Diabetic mastopathy are noncancerous lesions in the breast most commonly diagnosed in premenopausal women with type 1 diabetes.

Cause

The cause of diabetic mastopathy is unknown. Theories include an autoimmune reaction, genetic factors such as human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type, association with insulin therapy, and association with hyperglycemia.

Signs and symptoms

Common symptoms of diabetic mastopathy include hard, irregular, easily movable, discrete, painless breast mass(es). This condition can involve one or both breasts and can affect males and females. The breast lesions may not be palpable in some individuals. Individuals with diabetic mastopathy who have had insulin-requiring diabetes for a long time (>15 years) commonly have other diabetes complications as well (e.g., thyroid, eye, and joint involvement).

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of diabetic mastopathy should be considered in patients with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes and a firm, mobile breast mass. Initial imaging studies may include mammography and ultrasound. While these methods can help to further differentiate the mass, they cannot provide a specific diagnosis of diabetic mastopathy with confident exclusion of malignancy. A core biopsy (utilizing a needle to remove a small cylinder of tissue) is often performed for a definitive diagnosis.

Treatment

Typically, no treatment is necessary for diabetic mastopathy. Individuals with this condition should be advised about the condition and how to self examine the breasts to detect any changes in size and number of breast lumps. Patients should be routinely followed up with MRI or ultrasound and core biopsy if the lesions become clinically or radiologically suspicious. Lesions can be surgically removed for cosmetic reasons or if malignancy cannot be excluded.

NIH genetic and rare disease info

• NIH info on Diabetic mastopathy

Diabetic mastopathy is a rare disease.

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