Default-mode network

Default-mode network (pronunciation: /dɪˈfɔːlt moʊd ˈnɛtwɜːrk/) is a large scale brain network primarily composed of the medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus and angular gyrus. It is best known for being active when an individual is not focused on the outside world and the brain is at wakeful rest.

Etymology

The term "default-mode network" was coined by Marcus Raichle in 2001. The term "default" refers to the network being most commonly active when the brain is in a state of wakeful rest, such as daydreaming or mind-wandering.

Function

The default-mode network is known to be involved in many functions, including self-referential thought, theory of mind, and episodic memory retrieval. It is also thought to play a role in certain mental disorders, such as Alzheimer's, schizophrenia, and depression.

Related Terms

Medial prefrontal cortex: Part of the brain located at the front of the frontal lobe. It is involved in decision making and social interactions.
Posterior cingulate cortex: A part of the brain located in the middle of the cortex. It is involved in memory and emotion.
Precuneus: A part of the brain located in the superior parietal lobule. It is involved in visuospatial processing, episodic memory, and self-processing operations.
Angular gyrus: A region of the brain located in the parietal lobe. It is involved in language, number processing and spatial cognition, memory retrieval, and attention.
Alzheimer's disease: A progressive disease that destroys memory and other important mental functions.
Schizophrenia: A long-term mental disorder involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behavior.
Depression: A mental health disorder characterized by persistently depressed mood or loss of interest in activities.