Data security
Data Security
Data Security (pronunciation: /ˈdeɪtə sɪˈkjʊərɪti/), also known as Information Security or InfoSec, is the practice of protecting digital data from unauthorized access, corruption, or theft throughout its lifecycle.
Etymology
The term "Data Security" is derived from the English words "data", meaning facts and statistics collected for reference or analysis, and "security", meaning the state of being free from danger or threat. The term has been in use since the advent of digital computing and storage systems in the mid-20th century.
Definition
Data Security involves the implementation of measures to ensure the Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA) of data. These measures can include the use of physical security, administrative controls, and technical safeguards such as Encryption, Access Control, and Backup systems.
Related Terms
- Confidentiality: The principle that information is not made available or disclosed to unauthorized individuals, entities, or processes.
- Integrity: The assurance that data is consistent and accurate, and has not been tampered with or altered in an unauthorized manner.
- Availability: The principle that data should be accessible and usable upon demand by an authorized party.
- Encryption: The process of converting plaintext data into an unreadable format to prevent unauthorized access.
- Access Control: The selective restriction of access to data. It involves the identification, authentication, and authorization of users.
- Backup: The process of creating a copy of data that can be used to restore the original in the event of data loss.
Importance
Data Security is crucial in the digital age, where vast amounts of sensitive information are stored and transmitted electronically. It is particularly important in sectors such as Healthcare, Finance, and Government, where the protection of personal and confidential information is regulated by laws such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Data security
- Wikipedia's article - Data security
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