DNA fragmentation
DNA Fragmentation
DNA Fragmentation (pronounced: dee-en-ay frag-men-tay-shun) is a crucial biological process that involves the breaking of DNA strands into smaller pieces. This process is often associated with cell apoptosis or programmed cell death, and can also occur due to external factors such as exposure to radiation or certain chemicals.
Etymology
The term "DNA Fragmentation" is derived from the acronym DNA, which stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, and the word "fragmentation", which originates from the Latin "fragmentum", meaning a broken piece or a part of something.
Process
DNA Fragmentation is a complex process that involves several steps. It begins with the activation of certain enzymes known as endonucleases, which cleave the DNA at specific sites. This results in the formation of smaller DNA fragments. These fragments can then be further processed by other enzymes, leading to the generation of even smaller pieces of DNA.
Significance
DNA Fragmentation plays a significant role in various biological processes. In the context of cell apoptosis, it serves as a marker for the final stages of cell death. It is also involved in the repair of DNA damage caused by external factors. Moreover, DNA Fragmentation is a critical factor in the assessment of sperm quality in male fertility studies.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on DNA fragmentation
- Wikipedia's article - DNA fragmentation
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