DNA Polymerase

DNA Polymerase (pronounced: dee-en-ay puh-lim-er-ace) is a type of Enzyme that plays a crucial role in the process of DNA replication. The term "DNA Polymerase" is derived from the Greek words "poly" meaning "many" and "meros" meaning "part", referring to the enzyme's function in creating many parts of DNA.

Function

DNA Polymerase is responsible for synthesizing DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. This process is essential for cell replication and genetic inheritance.

Types

There are several types of DNA Polymerase, including DNA Polymerase I, DNA Polymerase II, and DNA Polymerase III. Each type has a specific role in the DNA replication process. For example, DNA Polymerase I is involved in the removal of RNA primers and replacement with DNA, while DNA Polymerase III is the main enzyme involved in DNA replication.

Role in Disease

Mutations in the genes encoding DNA Polymerase can lead to various diseases, including Cancer and genetic disorders. For instance, mutations in the POLG gene, which encodes the enzyme DNA Polymerase gamma, can cause a group of disorders known as POLG-related disorders.

Related Terms

• Nucleotide
• DNA replication
• Enzyme
• Cell division
• Genetic inheritance
• Cancer
• Genetic disorder

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on DNA Polymerase
• Wikipedia's article - DNA Polymerase

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