Cytogenetic
Cytogenetics
Cytogenetics (/ˌsaɪtoʊdʒɪˈnɛtɪks/) is a branch of genetics that is concerned with the study of the structure and function of the cell, especially the chromosomes. It includes routine analysis of G-banded chromosomes, other cytogenetic banding techniques, as well as molecular cytogenetics such as fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH).
Etymology
The term "cytogenetics" comes from the Greek words "kytos" meaning "cell", "genes" meaning "born of, produced by", and "tics" meaning "related to". Thus, it refers to the study of cells in relation to genetics.
Related Terms
- Chromosome: A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
- Gene: A unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
- Genome: The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
- Karyotype: The number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species.
- Molecular genetics: The field of biology and genetics that studies the structure and function of genes at a molecular level.
- Genetic mapping: Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.
See also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cytogenetic
- Wikipedia's article - Cytogenetic
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