Crusades
Crusades
The Crusades (/kruːˈseɪdz/; from Latin cruciata, "to mark with a cross") were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The term refers especially to the Eastern Mediterranean campaigns in the period between 1095 and 1271 that had the objective of recovering the Holy Land from Islamic rule. The term has also been applied to other church-sanctioned campaigns fought to combat paganism and heresy, to resolve conflict among rival Roman Catholic groups, or to gain political and territorial advantage.
Etymology
The term Crusade is derived from the Latin cruciata, which means "to mark with a cross". This refers to the practice of the crusaders who would often mark their shields or clothing with a cross to signify their religious devotion and commitment to the cause.
Related Terms
- Holy Land: The region where Jesus Christ was born, lived, and died. It is considered sacred by Christians, Jews, and Muslims.
- Latin Church: The largest particular church sui iuris of the Catholic Church, tracing its history to the apostles and Jesus Christ during the Last Supper.
- Eastern Mediterranean: The region comprising the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea, often considered to extend from Greece to Egypt.
- Paganism: A term first used in the fourth century by early Christians for people in the Roman Empire who practiced polytheism.
- Heresy: Any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs, in particular the accepted beliefs of a church or religious organization.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Crusades
- Wikipedia's article - Crusades
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