Cross-pollination
Cross-pollination (pronunciation: /krɔːs pɒlɪˈneɪʃn/) is a fundamental concept in Botany and Genetics. It refers to the transfer of Pollen from the anther (male part) of a flower of one plant to the stigma (female part) of a flower of another plant.
Etymology
The term "Cross-pollination" is derived from the Latin words "crux" meaning "cross" and "pollinatus" meaning "pollinated". It was first used in the mid-19th century to describe the process of sexual reproduction in plants.
Process
Cross-pollination typically occurs with the help of external agents such as wind, water, or animals, particularly insects like bees (Apiculture). These agents carry pollen from one flower to another, facilitating the process of fertilization.
Significance
Cross-pollination is crucial for the genetic diversity of plant species. It allows for the combination of different traits, leading to the evolution of new varieties and species (Evolution). This process is also essential for the production of many types of fruits and seeds.
Related Terms
- Self-pollination: The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or another flower on the same plant.
- Pollinator: An animal or force of nature that moves pollen from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma of a flower.
- Hybrid: The offspring resulting from cross-pollination between different species or subspecies.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cross-pollination
- Wikipedia's article - Cross-pollination
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