Cordell Hull

Cordell Hull (October 2, 1871 – July 23, 1955) was an American politician and diplomat who served as the United States Secretary of State from 1933 to 1944 under President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He is best known for his role in establishing the United Nations and for his efforts in promoting free trade and international cooperation.

Early Life and Education

Cordell Hull was born in a log cabin in Olympus, Tennessee. He was the son of William Paschal Hull and Mary Elizabeth Riley Hull. Hull attended local schools and later graduated from the National Normal University in Lebanon, Ohio. He went on to study law at Cumberland University in Lebanon, Tennessee, where he earned his law degree in 1891.

Political Career

Hull began his political career as a member of the Tennessee House of Representatives, serving from 1893 to 1897. He then served as a captain in the Spanish–American War. After the war, Hull was elected to the United States House of Representatives, where he served from 1907 to 1921 and again from 1923 to 1931. During his time in Congress, Hull was a strong advocate for tariff reduction and international trade.

Secretary of State

In 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed Hull as Secretary of State. Hull served in this position for 11 years, making him the longest-serving Secretary of State in U.S. history. During his tenure, Hull was instrumental in the creation of the Good Neighbor Policy, which aimed to improve relations with Latin American countries.

Hull was a key architect of the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934, which allowed the U.S. to negotiate tariff reductions with other countries on a bilateral basis. This act laid the groundwork for the post-World War II international trade system.

Role in the United Nations

Cordell Hull is often referred to as the "Father of the United Nations" for his pivotal role in its establishment. He believed that a global organization was necessary to prevent future conflicts and promote peace. Hull's vision and diplomatic efforts were crucial in the formation of the United Nations, and he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945 for his work in this area.

Later Life and Legacy

After resigning as Secretary of State in 1944 due to health issues, Hull continued to be involved in international affairs. He passed away on July 23, 1955, in Washington, D.C.

Cordell Hull's legacy is marked by his commitment to international cooperation and trade. His work laid the foundation for modern international relations and trade policies.

Also see

• Franklin D. Roosevelt
• United Nations
• Nobel Peace Prize
• Good Neighbor Policy
• Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act