Contrast-induced nephropathy

Contrast-induced nephropathy (pronunciation: /ˈkɒntrɑːst ɪnˈdjuːst nɪˈfɒpəθi/), also known as CIN, is a form of kidney damage that may occur after the administration of contrast media during diagnostic imaging procedures.

Etymology

The term "contrast-induced nephropathy" is derived from the words "contrast", referring to the contrast media used in imaging procedures, "induced", meaning brought on by, and "nephropathy", a general term for kidney disease.

Definition

Contrast-induced nephropathy is defined as a sudden deterioration in renal function following the intravascular administration of contrast media that cannot be attributed to other causes. It is typically characterized by an increase in serum creatinine levels of more than 25% or 0.5 mg/dL within 48-72 hours after contrast media exposure.

Risk Factors

Several risk factors have been identified for the development of CIN, including pre-existing chronic kidney disease, diabetes, hypertension, and the use of high volumes of contrast media.

Prevention and Treatment

Prevention strategies for CIN include adequate hydration, use of low or iso-osmolar contrast media, and minimizing the volume of contrast media used. Treatment is primarily supportive, focusing on managing any underlying conditions and maintaining adequate hydration.

Related Terms

• Acute kidney injury
• Chronic kidney disease
• Diabetes
• Hypertension
• Contrast media

See Also

• Nephrology
• Radiology

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Contrast-induced nephropathy
• Wikipedia's article - Contrast-induced nephropathy

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