Diaphragm (birth control)

Introduction

The diaphragm is a contraceptive device classified under the barrier methods of birth control. It functions by blocking sperm from accessing and fertilizing an egg. This device, when used with spermicide, provides moderate protection against unwanted pregnancies.

File:Contraceptive Diaphragm side view.jpg

A diaphragm contraceptive device.

Design and Use

Structure

The diaphragm is a shallow, dome-shaped, flexible cup made typically from silicone or latex rubber. Its design allows it to cover the cervix, acting as a physical barrier between sperm and the uterus.

Application

Prior to sexual intercourse, the diaphragm is applied with spermicide and inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix. The presence of spermicide provides an added measure to immobilize or kill sperm, enhancing the effectiveness of the diaphragm.

Effectiveness

In terms of its efficacy, the diaphragm has a one-year failure rate of about 12% under typical use. This means that 12 out of 100 women relying solely on the diaphragm for contraception may become pregnant within the first year of regular use.

Precautions

• A healthcare provider must fit the diaphragm to ensure it is of the correct size and users know how to place it correctly.
• The diaphragm should remain in place for a minimum of six hours after intercourse to ensure no viable sperm can access the cervix. However, it should not be left in for more than 24 hours to prevent potential complications.
• Those with a latex allergy should consult their healthcare provider for a non-latex alternative.

Advantages

• Does not interfere with the natural menstrual cycle.
• Only needs to be used during intercourse.
• Offers immediate contraception without the use of hormones.

Limitations

• Does not provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
• Some individuals may be allergic to latex or spermicide.
• Effectiveness can be compromised if not used correctly.

See Also

• Contraception
• Barrier method
• Spermicide
• Cervix