Contagion

From WikiMD's medical encyclopedia

Contagion is the transmission of a disease from one person or organism to another by direct or indirect contact. Contagious diseases, also known as communicable diseases, can be spread through physical contact, airborne particles, bodily fluids, or surfaces that an infected person has touched.

Causes of Contagion

Contagion can occur in several ways, including:

  • Direct contact: This occurs when an infected person touches or exchanges body fluids with another person. Examples include kissing, sexual intercourse, or touching an infected person's skin.
  • Indirect contact: This occurs when a person touches a surface or object that an infected person has touched, such as a doorknob, towel, or eating utensil.
  • Airborne transmission: This occurs when an infected person coughs or sneezes, releasing tiny droplets into the air that can be inhaled by others.
  • Vector-borne transmission: This occurs when an infected animal or insect bites a person, transmitting the disease.

Prevention of Contagion

Preventing contagion involves several strategies, including:

  • Hand hygiene: Regular handwashing with soap and water can help prevent the spread of many diseases.
  • Vaccination: Vaccines can protect against many contagious diseases.
  • Isolation: Keeping infected individuals away from others can help prevent the spread of disease.
  • Disinfection: Regular cleaning of surfaces can help kill germs and prevent their spread.

Examples of Contagious Diseases

Some examples of contagious diseases include:

  • Influenza: A respiratory illness that can be spread through the air.
  • HIV/AIDS: A disease that can be spread through sexual contact, sharing needles, or from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding.
  • Tuberculosis: A lung disease that can be spread through the air.
  • Hepatitis: A liver disease that can be spread through blood or sexual contact.

See Also

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD