Coniine

Coniine is a poisonous alkaloid found in the poison hemlock plant (Conium maculatum). It is a neurotoxin, which disrupts the workings of the central nervous system and can be fatal.

History

The history of coniine is closely tied to the history of the poison hemlock plant. The plant has been known and used for its toxic properties since ancient times. It is most famously associated with the death of the philosopher Socrates, who was executed by being made to drink a concoction containing poison hemlock.

Chemical Structure

Coniine is a simple alkaloid, and its structure was first determined in 1881. It is a derivative of piperidine, and its chemical formula is C8H17N. It is a clear, colorless liquid that turns yellow when exposed to air.

Toxicity

Coniine is a potent neurotoxin. It works by blocking the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, which is found in the neuromuscular junction. This leads to a disruption of the signal transmission between the nerves and muscles, resulting in symptoms such as muscle weakness, paralysis, and eventually death.

Treatment

There is no specific antidote for coniine poisoning. Treatment is supportive and aims to manage the symptoms. This may include respiratory support in cases of severe poisoning.

See Also

• Poison Hemlock
• Alkaloids
• Neurotoxins

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Coniine

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