Citranaxanthin

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Citranaxanthin is a carotenoid pigment that is primarily found in citrus fruits. It is a member of the xanthophyll family, which are oxygenated derivatives of carotenes. Citranaxanthin is known for its role in providing coloration to various fruits and vegetables, contributing to their yellow, orange, and red hues.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Citranaxanthin has the chemical formula C₃₃H₄₄O and is characterized by its long chain of conjugated double bonds, which is typical of carotenoids. This structure allows it to absorb light in the visible spectrum, giving it its distinctive color. Like other carotenoids, citranaxanthin is fat-soluble and can be stored in the fatty tissues of organisms.

Sources

Citranaxanthin is predominantly found in citrus fruits such as oranges, tangerines, and grapefruits. It is also present in smaller amounts in other fruits and vegetables. The concentration of citranaxanthin can vary depending on the species, ripeness, and growing conditions of the fruit.

Biological Role

In plants, citranaxanthin plays a crucial role in the process of photosynthesis by protecting the photosynthetic apparatus from damage caused by excess light. It acts as an antioxidant, neutralizing free radicals and preventing oxidative stress.

Health Benefits

As a dietary component, citranaxanthin is believed to have several health benefits due to its antioxidant properties. It may help in reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer. Additionally, it supports eye health by protecting against age-related macular degeneration.

Industrial Uses

Citranaxanthin is used as a natural food coloring agent in the food industry. It is often added to products such as beverages, dairy products, and confectionery to enhance their visual appeal. Its use is regulated by food safety authorities to ensure it is safe for consumption.

Related Carotenoids

Citranaxanthin is related to other carotenoids such as beta-carotene, lutein, and zeaxanthin. These compounds share similar structures and functions, contributing to the coloration and health benefits of various fruits and vegetables.

See Also

• Carotenoid
• Xanthophyll
• Antioxidant
• Photosynthesis
• Beta-carotene
• Lutein
• Zeaxanthin

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