Placentitis

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Placentitis
Synonyms	Inflammation of the placenta
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Fever, abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding
Complications	Preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, stillbirth
Onset	During pregnancy
Duration	Varies
Types	N/A
Causes	Bacterial infection, viral infection, autoimmune disorders
Risks	Maternal infection, poor prenatal care, substance abuse
Diagnosis	Ultrasound, amniocentesis, blood tests
Differential diagnosis	Chorioamnionitis, abruptio placentae, preeclampsia
Prevention	Prenatal care, infection control, vaccination
Treatment	Antibiotics, corticosteroids, delivery
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Depends on severity and treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Histopathology of subchorionic intervillositis, annotated

Placentitis is an inflammation of the placenta, which is a vital organ during pregnancy. It is responsible for providing oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus, as well as removing waste products. Placentitis can lead to serious complications for both the mother and the baby.

Causes

Placentitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacterial infection, viral infection, and parasitic infection. Other potential causes include autoimmune disorders, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, and trauma to the placenta.

Symptoms

The symptoms of placentitis can vary depending on the cause and severity of the inflammation. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and fever. In severe cases, placentitis can lead to preterm labor and miscarriage.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of placentitis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Ultrasound may be used to visualize the placenta and assess its condition. Blood tests can help identify the presence of infection or inflammation.

Treatment

Treatment for placentitis depends on the underlying cause. If the inflammation is due to an infection, antibiotics or antiviral medications may be prescribed. In cases where the inflammation is caused by an autoimmune disorder, immunosuppressive drugs may be used. In severe cases, hospitalization and close monitoring may be necessary.

Prognosis

The prognosis for placentitis depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. With early detection and appropriate treatment, many cases of placentitis can be successfully managed. However, in severe cases, placentitis can lead to serious complications for both the mother and the baby.

See Also

• Placenta
• Pregnancy
• Inflammation
• Infection
• Autoimmune disorders

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