Chromosome disorders
Chromosome Disorders
Chromosome disorders are genetic disorders that occur due to abnormalities in the chromosomes of an individual. These disorders can be caused by changes in the number or structure of chromosomes.
Pronunciation
- Chromosome: /ˈkroʊ.mə.soʊm/
- Disorders: /dɪˈsɔːrdər/
Etymology
The term "chromosome" comes from the Greek words "chroma" meaning color and "soma" meaning body. The term "disorder" originates from the Old French "desordre" meaning lack of order or sequence.
Types of Chromosome Disorders
There are several types of chromosome disorders, including:
- Down syndrome: This is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
- Turner syndrome: This occurs when a female is born with only one X chromosome.
- Klinefelter syndrome: This occurs when a male is born with an extra X chromosome.
- Cri du chat syndrome: This is caused by a deletion on chromosome 5.
- Edward syndrome: This is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 18.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Symptoms of chromosome disorders can vary widely, depending on the specific disorder. They can include physical abnormalities, developmental delays, and health problems. Diagnosis is typically made through genetic testing, which can identify changes in chromosomes.
Treatment and Management
Treatment for chromosome disorders depends on the specific disorder and the symptoms present. It can include medical care to manage symptoms, educational support, and genetic counseling for families.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Chromosome disorders
- Wikipedia's article - Chromosome disorders
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