Cherokee

Smoky Mtn View

Indians NW of South Carolina

Three Cherokee

Major ridge

New Echota

Cherokee refers to both the Native American people indigenous to the Southeastern United States and their language. The Cherokee people historically settled in what is now the eastern and southeastern United States, including present-day Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and parts of Tennessee and Alabama. Today, the largest concentrations of Cherokee live in Oklahoma, where they were forcibly relocated in the 19th century via the Trail of Tears, and in the original homelands in the Southeast.

History

The history of the Cherokee is a tale of resilience and adaptation. Before European contact, the Cherokee were part of the Mississippian culture, living in a society that built large earthen mounds for religious and political purposes. The arrival of European settlers in the 16th century brought profound changes, including the introduction of new diseases, goods, and the forced removal from their ancestral lands.

The Trail of Tears in the 1830s was a pivotal event, where thousands of Cherokee were forcibly removed from their homes by the U.S. government and marched to what is now Oklahoma. This tragic event is a significant part of Cherokee history and American history, highlighting the struggles between the U.S. government and Native American tribes over land, sovereignty, and rights.

Language

The Cherokee language is an Iroquoian language and is considered critically endangered. Efforts are underway to revitalize the language, including immersion schools and the use of technology. The Cherokee syllabary, invented by Sequoyah, is a unique writing system that has played a crucial role in preserving the language and culture.

Culture

Cherokee culture is rich and diverse, with traditional practices such as basket weaving, pottery, and storytelling. The Cherokee also have a strong tradition of governance, with a modern government based in Tahlequah, Oklahoma, and the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians based in Cherokee, North Carolina. Both governments work to preserve Cherokee culture, language, and rights.

Contemporary Issues

Today, the Cherokee face various contemporary issues, including challenges related to sovereignty, economic development, and the preservation of their language and culture. The Cherokee Nation, the United Keetoowah Band in Oklahoma, and the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians in North Carolina are recognized as sovereign entities, allowing them to govern their people and land.

Conclusion

The Cherokee people have a rich history and vibrant culture that continues to thrive despite the challenges of the past and present. Efforts to preserve the Cherokee language and culture are vital to maintaining their identity and heritage for future generations.

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