Cervinae

Cervinae

A red deer stag, a member of the Cervinae subfamily

Cervinae is a subfamily of deer that includes several species commonly known as true deer. They are part of the family Cervidae, which also includes the subfamily Capreolinae (comprising the deer commonly known as "New World deer" or "brocket deer"). Cervinae species are found in various parts of the world and are known for their impressive antlers, which are typically present only in males.

Taxonomy

The subfamily Cervinae is further divided into two tribes: Cervini and Muntiacini. The Cervini tribe includes the genera Cervus (which includes the red deer, sika deer, and fallow deer) and Elaphurus (which includes the Père David's deer). The Muntiacini tribe includes the genera Muntiacus (which includes the muntjacs or barking deer) and Elaphodus (which includes the tufted deer).

Characteristics

Cervinae species are generally large in size, with males being larger than females. They have slender bodies and long legs, which enable them to move swiftly through their habitats. One of the most distinctive features of Cervinae species is their antlers, which are bony outgrowths from the skull. Antlers are shed and regrown annually, and their size and complexity vary among species.

Distribution and Habitat

Cervinae species are found in various parts of the world, including Europe, Asia, and North America. They inhabit a wide range of habitats, including forests, grasslands, and mountainous regions. Some species, such as the red deer, have adapted to both temperate and subarctic climates.

Behavior

Cervinae species are primarily herbivorous, feeding on a variety of plant matter such as grasses, leaves, and shoots. They are generally social animals, forming herds or groups for mating and protection. During the mating season, known as the rut, males engage in fierce battles to establish dominance and gain access to females.

Conservation

Several Cervinae species are listed as endangered or vulnerable due to habitat loss, hunting, and other human activities. Conservation efforts are being made to protect their habitats and ensure their survival. Organizations and initiatives are working towards raising awareness and implementing measures to safeguard these species.

See Also

• Cervidae
• Capreolinae
• Red deer
• Sika deer
• Fallow deer
• Muntjac
• Père David's deer
• Tufted deer