Cephalochordata

Cephalochordata (pronounced: sef-uh-loh-kor-duh-tuh) is a subphylum of Chordata, comprising around 30 known species of marine animals commonly known as lancelets or amphioxus. The name "Cephalochordata" is derived from the Greek words 'kephale' meaning head, and 'chorda' meaning cord, referring to the notochord extending into the head region in these animals.

Characteristics

Cephalochordates are characterized by a notochord that extends along the length of the body, including into the head. They possess a dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, an endostyle, and a post-anal tail, all of which are characteristics of the chordate phylum.

Classification

Cephalochordata is one of the three subphyla of the phylum Chordata, the other two being Vertebrata and Urochordata. The most well-known genus of Cephalochordata is Branchiostoma, which includes species commonly referred to as lancelets.

Evolution

The evolutionary history of Cephalochordata is not well understood. However, they are considered to be a key group in understanding the evolution of chordates and vertebrates due to their primitive characteristics.

Related Terms

Chordata: The phylum to which Cephalochordata belongs.
Branchiostoma: A genus within the subphylum Cephalochordata.
Vertebrata: Another subphylum of Chordata, which includes all vertebrates.
Urochordata: Also known as Tunicata, another subphylum of Chordata.

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Cephalochordata
Wikipedia's article - Cephalochordata

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Cephalochordata