Central line
Central line
A Central line (pronounced: /ˈsɛntrəl laɪn/), also known as a central venous catheter (CVC), is a type of catheter placed into a large vein in the neck, chest, or groin. The term "central line" originates from the fact that the catheter is often inserted in a central vein, close to the heart.
Etymology
The term "central line" is derived from the Latin words "centrum" meaning center and "linea" meaning line. This is in reference to the catheter's placement in a central vein, close to the heart.
Usage
Central lines are used to administer medication or fluids that are unable to be taken by mouth or would harm a smaller peripheral vein, obtain blood tests (specifically the "central venous oxygen saturation"), administer chemotherapy, and measure central venous pressure.
Related Terms
- Catheter: A thin tube made from medical grade materials serving a broad range of functions.
- Vein: Blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart.
- Chemotherapy: A type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen.
- Central venous pressure: The pressure of blood in the thoracic vena cava, near the right atrium of the heart.
Risks
Central lines come with risks of complications, including infection, pneumothorax, and formation of blood clots around the catheter (thrombosis).
See Also
- Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
- Port (medical): An implanted device allowing access to the venous system for long-term use.
- Hickman line: A central venous catheter most often used for the administration of chemotherapy or other medications, as well as for the withdrawal of blood for analysis.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Central line
- Wikipedia's article - Central line
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