Carrier testing

Carrier Testing

Carrier testing (pronounced: /ˈkærɪər ˈtɛstɪŋ/) is a type of genetic testing that is used to determine if a person is a carrier for specific genetic disorders. This type of testing is often used by individuals who are considering starting a family and want to know if they are at risk of passing a genetic disorder to their children.

Etymology

The term "carrier testing" comes from the concept of being a "carrier" of a genetic disorder. This means that a person has one copy of a mutated gene associated with a disorder but does not show symptoms of the disorder themselves. The term "testing" refers to the process of examining a person's genes to determine if they are a carrier.

Process

Carrier testing involves taking a sample of blood or saliva and analyzing the DNA to look for specific genetic mutations. The specific genes that are tested will depend on the individual's family history and ethnic background, as some genetic disorders are more common in certain populations.

Related Terms

Genetic Disorder: A disease caused by abnormalities in an individual's genetic material.
Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to a genetic disorder.
DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information in all living organisms.
Genetic Testing: The process of examining a person's DNA to identify genetic disorders or the likelihood of developing or passing on a genetic disorder.

Risks and Limitations

While carrier testing can provide valuable information, it also has limitations. Not all genetic disorders can be detected through carrier testing, and a negative result does not guarantee that a person will not have a child with a genetic disorder. Additionally, carrier testing can raise ethical and emotional issues, as individuals must decide what to do with the information they receive.