Brain surgery
Brain Surgery
Brain surgery (pronunciation: /breɪn ˈsɜːr.dʒər.i/) is a complex medical procedure performed by a neurosurgeon to repair structural problems in the brain. The term originates from the Old English words 'brægen', meaning brain, and 'surgery', from the Greek 'cheirourgia', meaning hand work.
Types of Brain Surgery
There are several types of brain surgery. The type used depends on the area of the brain that needs treatment or the condition being addressed. Some common types include:
- Craniotomy: This is the most common type of brain surgery. It begins with the surgeon making an incision into the scalp and creating a hole known as a bone flap in the skull. The surgeon can then access the brain and perform the necessary operations.
- Biopsy: A biopsy is a surgical procedure that involves removing a small piece of brain tissue for further examination under a microscope. This is often done to diagnose conditions such as brain tumors.
- Transsphenoidal Surgery: This type of surgery is used to remove tumors in the pituitary gland. The surgeon reaches the pituitary gland through the nose and the sphenoid sinus.
- Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS): DBS is a surgical procedure used to treat a variety of disabling neurological symptoms. It involves implanting a battery-operated medical device in the brain that sends electrical signals to certain areas.
Risks and Complications
Like all surgical procedures, brain surgery carries some risk. These can include infection, bleeding, and reactions to anesthesia. More specific to brain surgery are risks of stroke, seizures, nerve damage, and memory problems.
Recovery
Recovery from brain surgery depends on the individual and the type of surgery performed. It often involves physical, occupational, and speech therapy. The patient may also need mental health support to cope with any changes in mood or behavior.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Brain surgery
- Wikipedia's article - Brain surgery
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