Bluefin tuna

Bluefin Tuna is a species of tuna in the family Thunnini, a subgrouping of the mackerel family (Scombridae). Bluefin are among the largest tuna and can live up to 40 years. They migrate across oceans and can dive more than 4,000 feet. Bluefin tuna are made for speed: built like torpedoes, have retractable fins and their eyes are set flush to their body. They are capable of reaching speeds up to 43 miles per hour.

Species

There are three species of Bluefin Tuna:

• Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus)
• Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis)
• Southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii)

Habitat and Distribution

Bluefin Tuna are found throughout the Atlantic Ocean, from the Arctic to the Antarctic, including the Mediterranean Sea. They are a pelagic species that inhabits the open ocean, although they can be found near the coast when the water is deep enough.

Diet

Bluefin Tuna are carnivorous. They eat a variety of prey but prefer small fish like herring, mackerel, and even other tuna. They are also known to eat squid and crustaceans.

Reproduction

Bluefin Tuna are broadcast spawners. Females release millions of eggs into the water, which are fertilized by sperm from the males. The eggs then float in the open ocean until they hatch.

Conservation Status

Bluefin Tuna are currently listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Overfishing is the main threat to the species.

Economic Importance

Bluefin Tuna are highly prized in Japan for sushi and sashimi. This has led to overfishing and has driven the species to the brink of extinction.

See Also

• Tuna
• Overfishing
• Endangered species

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  Thunnus orientalis (Osaka Kaiyukan Aquarium)
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